Irrigation may be defined as the process of artificially supplying water and soil for raising crops. It is a science of planning and designing an efficient, low cost, economic irrigation system tailored to fit natural conditions. It is engineering of controlling and harnessing the various natural sources of water by construction of dams and reservoirs, canals, pickups and other works and finally distributing the water to agricultural fields

Water is evidentally the most vital element in the plant life. Water is naturally supplied to the plants by nature through rains. However the total rainfall in a particular area may be either insufficient or ill imed. In order to get the maximum yeild it is essential to supply the optimum quantity of water and to maintain correct timing of water. This is possible only through a systematic irrigation system,by collecting water during the periods of excess rainfall and to release it to the crops as and when it is needed.